Creating a SSH Endpoint

Click the  button to create a new Endpoint, or select an existing Endpoint by clicking on the desired row. Enter the required fields as defined in the table below.

See Endpoint Defaults to setup default values for new Endpoints to save time.

Field Name

Required

Description

Endpoint Name

Yes

The name of the Endpoint.

Description

No

An optional description for the Endpoint.

Active

Yes

Whether or not the endpoint is active in the system. Defaults to "Yes".

Connection Type

Yes

The connection type used for connection to the Endpoint.

Supports:

  • localhost
  • Unix - SSH
  • WIndows - SSH     Supported on Windows Server 2019 where native OpenSSH is available.
  • Windows - SSH (Cygwin)     See the Cygwin Installation Guide for more information.
Endpoint Details

Endpoint Address

Yes

The DNS name or IP address of the Endpoint.

Port

Yes

The SSH port of the Endpoint (typically port 22).

Base DirectoryYes

A working directory on the Endpoint used by FlexDeploy. ~ is not supported here.

For example, /app/flexdeploy.

If you have two FlexDeploy installations that may connect to same Endpoint, you must use unique folders for both FlexDeploy Servers. In most cases, separate FlexDeploy is installed to perform testing of FlexDeploy patches, which may connect to same Endpoint, in which case you can use different folder like /app/flexdeploytest and /app/flexdeploy.

Working directory under /var/tmp or /tmp folder is not recommended as administrators generally have cron jobs to purge files based on age and that will cause issues when plugin files are deleted. For example, Error: Could not find or load main class flexagon.fd.core.plugin.ExternalPluginServer will be encountered when plugin lib files are deleted.

JDK HomeYesThe JDK Home directory on the Endpoint. For example, /usr. FlexDeploy will look for /bin/java under specified JDK Home folder. Not required if the Endpoint is a Docker Host.
Source Script No

An optional script executed right before plugins are executed on the endpoint. Script can source some other environment script as well. Script should Unix shell or Windows bat commands depending on type of Endpoint. If using Windows Cygwin SSH then script should be written as Unix shell.

Some usages of this script include sourcing an environment file (. $HOME/mfile.env)  or exporting a variable (export FLEXAGON_FD_PLUGIN_JAVA_ARGS="-Xmx1024m -Djava.io.tmpdir=/var/tmp"). Variables exported here will become available to plugin executions on this endpoint.

Authentication

Authentication TypeYes

Mechanism to use for authentication.  The Password, Private Key File, and Passphrase are displayed based on selected type.

Supports:

  • Username and Password
  • Username and SSH Key
  • Username and SSH Key with Passphrase

User Name

Yes

The user account on the Endpoint to connect with. All executions via this endpoint will run as this user.

Password

No

The password for the User Name. Either password or Private Key File is required.

Private Key File

No

Fully-qualified path of the SSH private key file on FlexDeploy server. Either Private Key File or Password is required. ~ is not supported here.

Passphrase

No

An optional passphrase used when the private key was generated. Only valid if a Private Key File is specified.

Run As (sudo)No

An optional user to run as (using sudo) after establishing connection to the endpoint when working with Unix OS.

  • Add sudoers rule, such that User Name can sudo to Run As user without prompting for a password.
  • Test by executing the following from FlexDeploy server terminal, connected as User Name: “sudo -u <run as user> bash -c whoami”.  Output should be the name of the Run As user without prompting for a password.
  • After completing endpoint configuration, click “Test Connection” on the Endpoint.

Container Details



Docker HostYesWhether or not the endpoint is capable of running Docker containers
K8s ClusterNoWhether or not the endpoint can run Docker containers on a K8s cluster
K8s ContextNoName of the configured K8s context



GroupNoAn optional group identifier which can be useful when searching for Endpoints.
SubgroupNoAn optional subgroup identifier which can be useful when searching for Endpoints.

Notice

@since 5.5.0.1 Upon save, leading and trailing whitespace is removed for the following attributes: Endpoint Name, Description, Endpoint Address, Port, Base Directory,  JDK Home, User Name, Private Key File, Run As (sudo), Group, and Subgroup.

Optionally, click the Test Connection button to validate that the FlexDeploy server can connect to the configured Endpoint.

Click the Save button to save the changes to the Endpoint. Optionally click the Apply button to save the changes, but remain on the current screen until the Cancel button is clicked.

To inactivate an endpoint click the Active link on the desired Endpoint, and it will toggle to Inactive. This will hide that Endpoint after leaving the screen, until the Active checkbox is unchecked. To reactivate an Enpoint, click the Inactive link and it will toggle back to Active. This endpoint is now active in the system again and ready for use.

SSH Authentication

FlexDeploy utilizes SSH to connect to its configured Endpoints.  SSH uses public-key cryptography to authenticate the remote computer and allow it to authenticate the user. FlexDeploy supports Creating an SSH Endpoint using Password Authentication or using SSH Keys.

FlexDeploy also supports using sudo user. See Run As (sudo) details above.

Supported Algorithms for SSH

ciphers

  • aes{128,192,256}-{cbc,ctr}, aes{128,256}-gcm@openssh.com, blowfish-{cbc,ctr}, 3des-{cbc,ctr}, twofish{128,192,256}-{cbc,ctr}, twofish-cbc, serpent{128,192,256}-{cbc,ctr}, idea-{cbc,ctr}, cast128-{cbc,ctr}, arcfour, arcfour{128,256}
  • Supported extended (non official) ciphers
    • camellia{128,192,256}-{cbc,ctr}, camellia{128,192,256}-{cbc,ctr}@openssh.org

key exchange

  • diffie-hellman-group1-sha1, diffie-hellman-group14-sha1, diffie-hellman-group14-sha256, diffie-hellman-group15-sha512, diffie-hellman-group16-sha512, diffie-hellman-group17-sha512, diffie-hellman-group18-sha512 diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1, diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256, ecdh-sha2-nistp256, ecdh-sha2-nistp384, ecdh-sha2-nistp521, curve25519-sha256@libssh.org
  • Supported extended (non official) key exchange algorithms
    • `diffie-hellman-group14-sha256@ssh.com`, `diffie-hellman-group15-sha256`, `diffie-hellman-group15-sha256@ssh.com`, `diffie-hellman-group15-sha384@ssh.com`, `diffie-hellman-group16-sha256`, `diffie-hellman-group16-sha384@ssh.com`, `diffie-hellman-group16-sha512@ssh.com`, `diffie-hellman-group18-sha512@ssh.com`

signatures

  • ssh-rsa, ssh-dss, ecdsa-sha2-nistp256, ecdsa-sha2-nistp384, ecdsa-sha2-nistp521, ssh-ed25519, ssh-rsa2-256, ssh-rsa2-512

mac

compression

private key files

Password Authentication

The first mechanism is to use automatically generated public-private key pairs to simply encrypt a network connection, and then use password authentication to log on.  In this case you must provide a User Name and Password to connect to the endpoint. 

Unix ExampleWindows Example (using Cygwin)

MacOS

MacOS endpoints are supported using Unix Connection Type.

Public-Private Key Authentication

The second technique is to use a manually generated public-private key pair to perform the authentication, allowing the FlexDeploy server to connect to endpoints without having to specify a password.  In this scenario, a public and private key pair are generated on the FlexDeploy server.  The private key is kept secretly on the server by setting the permissions such that only the owner can read it (the userid which the FlexDeploy server is running as).  The public key is copied to all endpoint computers which must allow access to the owner (user running FlexDeploy server) of the matching private key. While authentication is based on the private key, the key itself is never transferred through the network during authentication.  SSH verifies whether the same person offering the public key also owns the matching private key.  In this case you must provide the User Name, the path to the Private Key File on the server, and an optional Passphrase (an optional password assigned to the private key when it was generated).

Creating a Public-Private Key Pair

If you do not already have SSH keys generated for the host where FlexDeploy is installed, login (or switch user) as the user which FlexDeploy runs as, and run the following OpenSSH command.

  • ssh-keygen -t <rsa | dsa> ** where rsa or dsa is the encryption algorithm you wish to use. For example,
SSH keygen command examples
ssh-keygen -t rsa

OR

ssh-keygen -t dsa

Here is the sample output (with interactive prompts) using rsa encryption.

ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
e4:dd:6d:88:e0:64:9c:3e:9d:f7:7d:6f:2e:56:dd:6b oracle@devlnx12
The key's randomart image is:

+--[ RSA 2048]----+

|                 |

|       . .       |

|        B        |

|       B + + o   |

|        S = + o o|

|         . . o .+|

|              ..+|

|              oE+|

|             ..+o|

+-----------------+

It is typical to use the default file name and location to store the private key (which is in the .ssh subfolder of the user's home directory). You can optionally secure the private key file with a passphrase. It is an SSH requirement that the private key be readable only by its owner (e.g. oracle in the example above). So you must change the permissions accordingly (e.g. chmod 600 /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa). You will receive an error at connection time similar to the following if you omit this step.

Permissions 0777 for '/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa' are too open.

It is recommended that your private key files are NOT accessible by others otherwise private key will be ignored.

The /home/oracle/.ssh folder on the endpoint must have drw------- permissions. For example,

  • chmod -R 700 $HOME/.ssh
  • chmod 700 $HOME

Uploading the Public Key

We must now copy the contents of the public key to each endpoint host. This step can be performed manually or using FlexDeploy UI. To save time and avoid errors, use Upload Public Key button on FlexDeploy UI for specific Endpoint.

In order to copy public key manually copy the contents of the public key file on the FlexDeploy server and append it to the end of the following file on the endpoint:

  • ~/.ssh/authorized_keys (Note that you will need to create this file if it does not already exist). You can scp public key file to endpoint and append it to authorized_keys file in .ssh folder of user's home folder. As explained above in Tip section, you must make sure that permissions are 700 for .ssh folder as well as user's HOME folder.

Sample contents of an authorized_keys file (containing two public keys):

authorized_keys sample
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EANAADAQABAAABAQC9GvGjUyL1towJF5uxp3jqeFcwaBm0GhqXaPrhWH/iX1H1lalPmwR3N791lR7oTONl6TZShLX2sq64rGL+HYF+W1RxjZqydcWDEJsz2MD525NisTuXI2HjVMYablXobDtv5sc12iM8hdh6nJXAlTHQ1wA4izRX2via5nWWtZUqBTyicpR1odQb4pcoTjPOsEPrwS7/sU51kLqR+y1G5AM307VhLBLumS3gB/kj+pBoIZEk2LwwuMeaRhywe9N2+M+hO7c1TijseACmr0DHN9ZvZhoBBgl7xBUFqxxOrMktst7arpxEvQXz4aUh+58smWSA4iMHXvzMc/xSXUp9eIov comment1
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEAwnP9Sahi0y1rypBq8i7MbV8QR21g+nC4AIrnSsoyh7T4DyjeScJS6SWzBLSNrv7bX+Lm7pUqMEOKwR68kk8SLcNOStPsyBoZJNeiE6R11rXOufN4aebc3aT4JW/qcb1nQwGnP9ubfGVAMEf3rvU0OBt18CAvNux2Gr8t1kpubZQyXtK9mvjcYPUgvUEQIwL+kShgRMQiqw6FOyUuE22jIqxnr0avALH32fB7B4p7DsfEC3M1+Yb9PptaUQpSkk0OyU3bQh3gCNojqOVMNZ+IJREyhh9TnlHf3/FVED29aC6DxB3bEERymXRSVFlV2dedlXjeTjsVdqurgD4CHF382Q== comment2


The public key can also be copied to the endpoint's authorized_keys file using the Upload Public Key button.



Validate that the derived name and location of the public key is correct, and enter the password for the Endpoint connection user (if not already provided on the Endpoint definition). Click the Upload button to upload the public key to the Endpoint.

Special Note for Oracle Java Cloud Service

The SSH connectivity for the Java Cloud Service is no different than when running on-premise. However, by default you will not know the password for the oracle user. You have two options for configuring endpoints on Java Cloud Service instances.

  1. Using PuTTy, connect to the Java Cloud Service instance VM using the opc user and the private key you generated when you created that instance. Sudo to root and change the oracle password. You can now use this password to configure the endpoint to connect using the oracle user.
  2. Manually copy the public key into the authorized_keys file within the .ssh folder of the oracle home (/u01/app/oracle/tools/paas/state/homes/oracle/.ssh/authorized_keys). You can also use the upload public key feature of FlexDeploy if you know the oracle password (e.g. by following the instructions in #1 above). Once the keys are in place you can configure the endpoint to reference the private key instead of the password.
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