Creating an SSH Endpoint
Click the Create button to create a new Endpoint, or select an existing Endpoint by clicking on the desired row. Enter the required fields as defined in the table below.
See Endpoint Defaults to setup default values for new Endpoints to save time.
Field Name | Required | Description |
---|---|---|
Endpoint Name | Yes | The name of the Endpoint. |
Description | No | An optional description for the Endpoint. |
Active | Yes | Whether or not the endpoint is active in the system. Defaults to "Yes". |
Connection Type | Yes | The connection type used for connection to the Endpoint. When plugin process is invoked, it will source .bashrc file but not .bash_profile and .profile. Make sure to not include echo statements in .bashrc file as that will cause failures. If needed use Source Script to adjust execution environment. If your bashrc contains the following block, then you will need to place any additional exports or source calls before it. # If not running interactively, don't do anything
case $- in
*i*) ;;
*) return;;
esac
|
Operating System | Yes | Unix or Windows |
Address | Yes | The DNS name or IP address of the Endpoint. |
Port | Yes | The SSH port of the Endpoint (typically port 22). |
Base Directory | Yes | A working directory on the Endpoint used by FlexDeploy. ~ is not supported here. See Permissions information below for details on how to create this folder automatically (Recommended). For example, /app/flexdeploy. If you have two FlexDeploy installations that may connect to same Endpoint, you must use unique folders for both FlexDeploy Servers. In most cases, separate FlexDeploy is installed to perform testing of FlexDeploy patches, which may connect to same Endpoint, in which case you can use different folder like /app/flexdeploytest and /app/flexdeploy. Working directory under /var/tmp or /tmp folder is not recommended as administrators generally have cron jobs to purge files based on age and that will cause issues when plugin files are deleted. For example, Error: Could not find or load main class flexagon.fd.core.plugin.ExternalPluginServer will be encountered when plugin lib files are deleted. Permissions
|
JDK Home | Yes | The JDK Home directory on the Endpoint. For example, /usr. FlexDeploy will look for /bin/java under specified JDK Home folder. Not required if the Endpoint is a Docker Host. Often a JRE will suffice, unless you are compiling java code with it. @Since 8.0.0.2, this can contain $ and ~. Any variables referenced must be setup by the .bashrc file. The endpoint source script will not have been executed prior to setting the Java Home variables. |
Source Script | No | An optional script executed right before plugins are executed on the endpoint. Script can source some other environment script as well. Script should be Unix shell or Windows bat commands depending on type of Endpoint. If using Windows Cygwin SSH then script should be written as Unix shell. Some usages of this script include sourcing an environment file (. $HOME/mfile.env) or exporting a variable (export FLEXAGON_FD_PLUGIN_JAVA_ARGS="-Xmx1024m -Djava.io.tmpdir=/var/tmp"). Variables exported here will become available to plugin executions on this endpoint. |
Max Concurrent Executions | No | Sets a limit on the number of concurrent executions on this endpoint. If not specified, the default of 5 will be used. |
Transfer Protocol | Yes | Protocol/Tool to use to transfer files from FlexDeploy host to endpoint and vice-versa. Options available are:
To use the rsync option, FlexDeploy should be running on a UNIX machine, the endpoint can be UNIX or Windows (Cygwin) and rsync needs to be installed on BOTH, FlexDeploy host and endpoint and expect needs to be installed on the FlexDeploy host. |
Authentication Type | Yes | Mechanism to use for authentication. The Password, Private Key File, and Passphrase are displayed based on selected type. Supports:
|
Username | Yes | The user account on the Endpoint to connect with. All executions via this endpoint will run as this user. |
Password | No | The password for the Username. Either password or Private Key File is required. |
Private Key File | No | Fully-qualified path of the SSH private key file on FlexDeploy server. Either Private Key File or Password is required. ~ is not supported here. |
Passphrase | No | An optional passphrase used when the private key was generated. Only valid if a Private Key File is specified. |
Privilege Escalation Type | No | An optional type of privilege escalation to use after establishing connection to the endpoint. Supports:
|
Privilege Escalation Syntax | No | An optional syntax which wraps all commands to be executed on the endpoint. You can use property replacement syntax i.e. $${{RUN_AS_USER_NAME}}, with this input and the variable will be replaced with the appropriate value at runtime. The following variables are available:
Important notes:
|
Run as (user) | No | An optional user to run as after establishing connection to the endpoint when working with Unix OS. For example, flexdeploy See below for necessary setup information for type of Privilege Escalation Type: sudo:
pbrun:
|
Optionally, click the Test Connection button to validate that the FlexDeploy server can connect to the configured Endpoint.
Click the Save button to save the changes to the Endpoint. To discard the changes click on the Cancel button.
To inactivate an endpoint click the Active link on the desired Endpoint, and it will toggle to Inactive. This will hide that Endpoint after leaving the screen, until the Active checkbox is unchecked. To reactivate an Endpoint, click the Inactive link and it will toggle back to Active. This endpoint is now active in the system again and ready for use.
SSH Authentication
FlexDeploy utilizes SSH to connect to its configured Endpoints using Password authentication or SSH public-private keys.
FlexDeploy also supports using privilege escalation with sudo or pbrun for UNIX. See Privilege Escalation and Run as (user) details above.
Supported Algorithms for SSH
Flexagon focuses its testing with RSA keys for SSH, since their use is more prevalent by our customers. We therefore recommend using RSA.
Password Authentication
In this case you must provide a Username and Password to perform authentication.
Unix Example | Windows Example |
---|---|
|
|
MacOS endpoints are supported using Unix Connection Type.
Public-Private Key Authentication
In this case you must use public-private key pair to perform the authentication (password in not required in this case). The private key is kept secretly on the FlexDeploy server by setting the permissions such that only the FlexDeploy server can read it. The public key is copied to endpoint. While authentication is based on the private key, the key itself is never transferred through the network during authentication. You must provide the Username on Endpoint where public key was copied, and an optional Passphrase (an optional password assigned to the private key at generation time).
Creating a Public-Private Key Pair
If you do not already have SSH keys generated for the host where FlexDeploy is installed, login (or switch user) as the user which FlexDeploy runs as, and run the following OpenSSH command.
ssh-keygen -t <rsa | dsa> ** where rsa or dsa is the encryption algorithm you wish to use. For example,
SSH keygen command examples
ssh-keygen -t rsa
OR
ssh-keygen -t dsa
Here is the sample output (with interactive prompts) using rsa encryption.
ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
e4:dd:6d:88:e0:64:9c:3e:9d:f7:7d:6f:2e:56:dd:6b oracle@devlnx12
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
| |
| . . |
| B |
| B + + o |
| S = + o o|
| . . o .+|
| ..+|
| oE+|
| ..+o|
+-----------------+
It is typical to use the default file name and location to store the private key (which is in the .ssh subfolder of the user's home directory). You can optionally secure the private key file with a passphrase. It is an SSH requirement that the private key be readable only by its owner (e.g. oracle in the example above). So you must change the permissions accordingly (e.g. chmod 600 /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa). You will receive an error at connection time similar to the following if you omit this step.
Permissions 0777 for '/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa' are too open.
It is recommended that your private key files are NOT accessible by others otherwise private key will be ignored.
Uploading the Public Key
We must now copy the contents of the public key to each endpoint host. This step can be performed manually or using FlexDeploy UI. To save time and avoid errors, use Upload Public Key button on FlexDeploy UI for specific Endpoint.
In order to copy public key manually copy the contents of the public key file on the FlexDeploy server and append it to the end of the following file on the endpoint:
~/.ssh/authorized_keys (Note that you will need to create this file if it does not already exist). You can scp public key file to endpoint and append it to authorized_keys file in .ssh folder of user's home folder. As explained above in Tip section, you must make sure that permissions are 700 for .ssh folder as well as user's HOME folder.
Sample contents of an authorized_keys file (containing two public keys):
authorized_keys sample
The public key can also be copied to the endpoint's authorized_keys file using the Upload Public Key button.
Validate that the derived name and location of the public key is correct, and enter the password for the Endpoint connection user (if not already provided on the Endpoint definition). Click the Upload button to upload the public key to the Endpoint.
Special Note for Oracle Java Cloud Service
The SSH connectivity for the Java Cloud Service is no different than when running on-premise. However, by default you will not know the password for the oracle user. You have two options for configuring endpoints on Java Cloud Service instances.
Using PuTTy, connect to the Java Cloud Service instance VM using the opc user and the private key you generated when you created that instance. Sudo to root and change the oracle password. You can now use this password to configure the endpoint to connect using the oracle user.
Manually copy the public key into the authorized_keys file within the .ssh folder of the oracle home (/u01/app/oracle/tools/paas/state/homes/oracle/.ssh/authorized_keys). You can also use the upload public key feature of FlexDeploy if you know the oracle password (e.g. by following the instructions in #1 above). Once the keys are in place you can configure the endpoint to reference the private key instead of the password.
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